Biometric system: February 2012

Introduction

Security is the degree of protection against danger, loss, and criminals. Security has to be compared and contrasted with other related concepts safety continuity and reliability. The key difference between security and reliability is that security must take into account the actions of people attempting to cause destruction. Security as a form of protection is structures and processes that provide or improve security as a condition. Biometrics comprises methods for uniquely recognizing humans based upon one or more intrinsic traits computer science, in particular, biometrics is used as a form of identity access management and access control. It is also used to identify individuals in groups that are under surveillance. Biometric characteristics can be divided in two main classes:

Physiological are related to the shape of the body. Examples include, but are not limited to fingerprint, face recognition, DNA, hand and palm geometry, iris recognition, which has largely replaced retina.

Behavioral are related to the behaviour of a person. Examples include, but are not limited to typing rhythm, gait, and voice. Some researchers have coined the term behaviour metrics for this class of biometrics.

Abstract

Biometric technology is fast gaining popularity as means of security measures to reduce cases of fraud and theft due to its use of physical characteristics and traits for the identification of individuals. The earliest methods of biometric identification include fingerprint and handwriting while more recent ones include iris/eye scan, face scan, voice print, and hand print. Biometric fingerprint recognition and identification technology focuses on training the system to recognize an individual unique fingerprint characteristic. The technology lends itself well to a variety of uses and applications, including security access control for door (also known as fingerprint lock), border control and automobile manufacturers (to dramatically reduce theft and carjacking). The system composed of finger print reader, microcontroller and the Visual Basic software. The microcontroller circuit controlling access to a door is built to test the reliability of this finger print controlled security system and the software is as the interface between the personal computer and the Biometric Security System. This project enable user to open the door just by using their thumbnail and the system software at the personal computer will show the transaction which is the date and time and also the personal detail of the user and the system only works for the authenticated/registered individual. Testing conducted on the system proved that it is able to provide security access control successfully.